Andrea Gabrieli 安德烈·加布里埃利

意大利文艺复兴时期作曲家。他继承了威尼斯乐派的传统，并成为了威尼斯乐派第一位享有国际影响力的作曲家。他早年可能是维拉尔特的学生，1555年到1557年他在卡纳李吉奥当地担任管风琴师。1562年他前往德国，并与文艺复兴时期的著名作曲家奥兰多·德·拉絮斯相识并成为好友。德·拉絮斯从加布里埃利那里吸收到了威尼斯乐派的风格，而加布里埃利则把从德·拉絮斯那里学到的许多知识带回到了威尼斯。1566年加布里埃利终于成为了圣马可大教堂的管风琴师并直到去世。由于常年在圣马可优越空旷的音响环境下工作，他得以将复调合唱风格与他的器乐风格进行发展，在经文歌中加入器乐独奏段落，为巴洛克音乐的出现奠定了基础。其管风琴曲在音乐史上也颇为重要。而同样是作曲家乔瓦尼·加布里埃利是他的侄子。

Andrea Gabrieli (1532/1533 – August 30, 1585) was an Italian composer and organistof the late Renaissance. The uncle of the somewhat more famous Giovanni Gabrieli, he was the first internationally renowned member of the Venetian School of composers, and was extremely influential in spreading the Venetian style in Italy as well as in Germany. Details on Gabrieli's early life are sketchy. He was probably a native of Venice, most likely the parish of S. Geremia. He may have been a pupil of Adrian Willaert at St. Mark'sin Venice at an early age. There is some evidence that he may have spent some time in Verona in the early 1550s, due to a connection with Vincenzo Ruffo, who worked there asmaestro di cappella – Ruffo published one of Gabrieli's madrigals in 1554, and Gabrieli also wrote some music for a Veronese academy. Gabrieli is known to have been organist inCannaregio between 1555 and 1557, at which time he competed unsuccessfully for the post of organist at St. Mark's. In 1562 he went to Germany, where he visited Frankfurt am Main and Munich; while there he met and became friends with Orlande de Lassus, one of the most wide-ranging composers of the entire Renaissance, who wrote secular songs in French, Italian, and German, as well as abundant Latin sacred music. This musical relationship proved immensely fruitful for both composers: while Lassus certainly learned from the Venetian, Gabrieli took back to Venice numerous ideas he learned while visiting Lassus in Bavaria, and within a short time was composing in most of the current idioms, including one which Lassus entirely avoided: purely instrumental music. In 1566 Gabrieli was chosen for the post of organist at St. Mark's, one of the most prestigious musical posts in northern Italy; he retained this position for the rest of his life. Around this time he acquired, and maintained, a reputation as one of the finest current composers. Working in the unique acoustical space of St. Mark's, he was able to develop his unique, grand ceremonial style, which was enormously influential in the development of the polychoral style and the concertato idiom, which partially defined the beginning of the Baroque era in music. His duties at St. Mark's clearly included composition, for he wrote a great deal of music for ceremonial affairs, some of considerable historical interest. He provided the music for the festivities accompanying the celebration of the victory over the Turks in the Battle of Lepanto (1571); he also composed music for the visit of several princes from Japan (1585). Late in his career he also became famous as a teacher. Prominent among his students were his nephew Giovanni Gabrieli; the music theorist Lodovico Zacconi; Hans Leo Hassler, who carried the concertato style to Germany; and many others. The date and circumstances of his death were not known until the 1980s, when the register containing his death date was found. Dated August 30, 1585, it includes the notation that he was "about 52 years old"; his approximate birth date has been inferred from this. His position at St. Mark's was not filled until the end of 1586, and a large amount of his music was published posthumously in 1587.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/'>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrea Gabrieli

安德烈·加布里埃利（意大利语：Andrea Gabrieli，约1510年－1585年8月30日），意大利文艺复兴时期作曲家。作为维拉尔特的学生，他继承了威尼斯乐派的传统，并在经文歌中加入器乐。其管风琴曲在音乐史上也颇为重要。