Reri Grist 莱莉·格里斯特

莱莉·格里斯特(Reri Grist,1932－)，美国女高音歌唱家，1932年2月29日出生于纽约，从小生活在一个西班牙语社区，父母是西印第安移民，少年时代就参加过独唱音乐会，并曾出现在Arthur Godfrey的电视节目《童子军》中，还在百老汇出演过小角色Consuelo,同时还是一位Sharks成员，由于受到父母的鼓励，高中时曾在Queens学院学习音乐和美术，1959年在墨西哥城的圣塔菲（Santa Fe）做了歌剧首演，在莫扎特歌剧《Die Entführung aus dem Serail》中成功出演了Blondchen(Blonde)，1960年登上欧洲歌剧舞台，在科隆歌剧院成功出演了莫扎特《魔笛》（Die Zauberflöte） 中的夜后（Queen of the Night），接着演出于苏黎世，及美国的旧金山，1966年至1978年间在纽约大都会歌剧院是《塞维里亚的理发师》中闻名的Rosina，1973年登台维也纳，2001年荣获美国戏剧协会颁发的“Lift Every Voice”奖，整个舞台生涯中出演了很多伟大的花腔女高音和soubrette角色，其中包括《Der Rosenkavalier》中的Sophie，《Ariadne auf Naxos》中的Zerbinetta,《Le nozze di Figaro》中的Susanna，《Die Entführung aus dem Serail》中的Blondchen,再就是《Il Barbiere di Siviglia》中的Rosina。

Reri Grist (born February 29, 1932) is an American coloratura soprano, one of the pioneer African-American singers to enjoy a major international career in opera. Reri Grist was born in New York City, grew up in the East River Housing Projects, attended the High School of Music & Art, majored in voice and graduated with a BA in Music from Queens College, City Univ. of New York. In her early teens she performed on Broadway in small roles with Ossie Davis and Ruby Dee, including Robert Ardrey's 1946 play Jeb; with Lawrence Tibbett; and in musicals with Eartha Kitt, while taking voice lessons with her teacher, Claire Gelda. Her first opera engagement was as Madame Herz in a concert performance of Mozart's Der Schauspieldirektor. Her first staged "operatic" engagement was in 1956 as Cindy Lou (Micaela) in Carmen Jones, Oscar Hammerstein's adaptation of Bizet's Carmen. She was Consuelo in the original production of Leonard Bernstein's musical West Side Story in 1957, introducing the song "Somewhere" to the public. One of her earliest breakthroughs in classical music came in 1960 when Bernstein engaged her to sing the soprano part in Gustav Mahler's Symphony No. 4 in G major with the New York Philharmonic in a Young People's Concert at Carnegie Hall. In following years, Grist appeared with the orchestra under the batons of Bernstein, Nadia Boulanger, Pierre Boulez and Michael Gielen. Her operatic debut was at the Santa Fe Opera in 1959, as Adele in Die Fledermaus, followed by Blondchen in Die Entführung aus dem Serail. Igor Stravinsky attended the performance and invited her to perform his Le Rossignol with him conducting at the Washington Opera Society. Her first European appearance was at the Cologne Opera in 1960 as the Queen of the Night in Mozart's The Magic Flute. From 1960–1966 she was a member of the Zurich Opera, where she first performed Zerbinetta inAriadne auf Naxos, Sophie in Der Rosenkavalier, Adina in L'elisir d'amore, and Gilda in Rigoletto. After her successes in Zurich, she found herself much in demand, leading to her debuts at the Royal Opera House Covent Garden in Le Coq d'Or and at the Glyndebourne Festival in 1962, followed by the Vienna State Opera in 1963, where she performed for twenty-five seasons. In the same year, Grist first sang at the San Francisco Opera as Rosina in Il barbiere di Siviglia. Throughout twelve consecutive seasons there, she added to her repertoire Oscar in Un ballo in maschera, Manon in Massenet's Manon and Susanna in Le nozze di Figaro. In 1964, she made an acclaimed debut as Zerbinetta at the Salzburg Festival, where she performed throughout twelve seasons in Mozart and R. Strauss operas conducted by Karl Böhm, Zubin Mehta and Herbert von Karajan. Grist's Metropolitan Opera debut on February 25, 1966, was as Rosina in Il barbiere di Siviglia. Additional roles throughout thirteen seasons included Gilda, Oscar, Olympia, Sophie and Zerbinetta. From 1965 to 1987, she performed regularly at the Bayerische Staatsoper Munich in new productions, among which were Richard Strauss' Die schweigsame Frau,Falstaff, Le Nozze di Figaro, and Il barbiere di Siviglia. Guest appearances included performances at Lyric Opera of Chicago, Deutsche Oper Berlin, La ScalaMilano, Buenos Aires, Holland Festival, and Die Wiener Festwochen. Grist ended her operatic career in 1991 at De Nederlandse Opera, Amsterdam, in the one-woman opera, Neither by Morton Feldman/Samuel Beckett, directed by Pierre Audi. Grist has sung in concerts with the conductors Leonard Bernstein, Seiji Ozawa, Michael Gielen, Wolfgang Sawallisch, Pierre Boulez, Friedrich Cerha/Die Reihe,Leopold Stokowski, among others. In December 2007, she last appeared on stage on Broadway at the Gypsy of the Year/Equity Fights Aids Gala, which honored the original cast and the 50th anniversary of West Side Story, at which she sang, as in the original production, "Somewhere". Grist has held professorships in Voice at the School of Music, Indiana University Bloomington and at the Hochschule für Musik und Theater Munich. She has participated in various international juries and has given Master Classes at several young artist programs including the Santa Fe Opera, the Metropolitan Opera's Lindemann Young Artist Development Program, the San Francisco Opera Merola Program, the International Opern Studio Hamburgische Staatsoper, and the Ravinia, USA Summer Festival. Honors include the title of Bayerische Kammersängerin awarded to her in 1976 and a Legacy Award of the American Opera Assoc. in 2001. Grist lives in Germany with her husband, orchestra administrator Dr. Ulf Thomson.