Albert Roussel 阿尔伯特·鲁塞尔

法国作曲家，音乐教育家。出生于法国北部的图尔宽。他最初的兴趣是数学。1889年，鲁塞尔参加海军，随舰航行到东南亚地区并在交趾支那当地逗留过几年。1894年退伍后，开始专心学习音乐直到1908年。同时他也私下教学。一战爆发后，他在军中担任救护车驾驶员。战争结束后，他移居诺曼底并把自己的大部分时间用于作曲。许多知名作曲家都曾是鲁塞尔的学生，包括有萨蒂、瓦雷兹、马尔蒂努等。鲁塞尔60岁生日时，许多作曲家包括伊贝尔、普朗克、奥涅格等创作致敬作品为他庆祝。1937年鲁塞尔在鲁瓦扬的一个小村庄去世。在鲁塞尔的作品中，尽管他也曾经对印象主义、新古典主义甚至爵士乐感兴趣，但是其主要影响来自于他的老师丹第以及早年游历东方的经历。鲁塞尔的作品音响厚重、织体较为复杂，初听并不容易理解。这也许是他的知名度远远不如同时代人德彪西和拉威尔的主要原因。

Albert Charles Paul Marie Roussel (5 April 1869 – 23 August 1937) was a French composer. He spent seven years as a midshipman, turned to music as an adult, and became one of the most prominent French composers of the interwar period. His early works were strongly influenced by the impressionism of Debussy and Ravel, while he later turned towardneoclassicism. Born in Tourcoing (Nord), Roussel's earliest interest was not in music but mathematics. He spent time in the French Navy, and in 1889 and 1890 he served on the crew of the frigate Iphigénie and spent several years in Cochinchina. These travels affected him artistically, as many of his musical works would reflect his interest in far-off, exotic places. After resigning from the Navy in 1894, he began to study harmony in Roubaix, first with Julien Koszul (grandfather of composerHenri Dutilleux), who encouraged him to pursue his formation in Paris with Eugène Gigout, then continued his studies until 1908 at the Schola Cantorum de Paris where one of his teachers was Vincent d'Indy. While studying, he also taught. His students included Erik Satie and Edgard Varèse. See: List of music students by teacher: R to S#Albert Roussel. During World War I, he served as an ambulance driver on the Western Front. Following the war, he bought a summer house inNormandy and devoted most of his time there to composition. Starting in 1923, another of Roussel's students was Bohuslav Martinů, who dedicated his Serenade for Chamber Orchestra (1930) to Roussel. His sixtieth birthday was marked by a series of three concerts of his works in Paris that also included the performance of a collection of piano pieces, Homage à Albert Roussel, written by several composers, including Ibert, Poulenc, and Honegger. Roussel died in the village (commune) of Royan (Charente-Maritime), in western France, in 1937, and was buried in thechurchyard of Saint Valery in Varengeville-sur-Mer, Normandy.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/'>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albert Roussel